The shaker belongs to the gravity beneficiation equipment, developed from the plane chute, and then characterized by its asymmetrical reciprocating movement and its own system. The shaking table is composed of three parts: bed anise, frame and transmission mechanism. The bed surface is trapezoid or diamond shape, and there is 1 in the transverse direction. ~ 5. Inclined, the ore trough and water trough are arranged above the inclined, the bed surface is arranged along the longitudinal, and the height of the end is reduced to the opposite side. The whole bed surface is supported by a frame, and a transmission device is installed at one end of the bed surface, which can make the front of the bed near the end have a rapid return movement, that is, the so-called differential movement.
The shaking table is a commonly used beneficiation equipment for sorting fine ore. The effective beneficiation size range of metal ore is 3 ~ O.019 mm, and the upper size of coal beneficiation can reach 10 mm. The outstanding advantage of the shaking table is that the separation accuracy is high, and high-grade concentrate or waste tailings can be obtained after one separation, and multiple products can be connected at the same time. The flat table is easy to watch and adjust. The main disadvantage is that the equipment covers a large area and the processing capacity per unit plant area is low.
The application of shaker has been nearly 100 years of history, the original shaker is the use of impact caused by asymmetric reciprocating movement of the bed, made in 1890 for coal preparation. The shaker for mineral processing was developed by A in 1896-1898. Made by Wilfley, with eccentric toggle mechanism. In 1918, Plat-O made another transmission mechanism with CAM lever. These two headboard structures have been improved and are still in use today. After the Second World War, Germany made a fast shaker with eccentric drive. In 1964, China successfully developed the inertial spring type shaker, which has been widely used in production.
In order to solve the problem of large floor area of the shaking table. The bed is developing in the direction of multilayer and centrifugation. In the 1950s, China made a double-layer shaker, a four-layer shaker and a six-layer slime shaker, but it was not approved because the inertial force of the bed was difficult to balance, and the former Soviet Union had developed a double three-layer shaker. In the 1960s, the United Kingdom made a double-layer and three-layer shaker with glass fiber reinforced plastic bed, and each bed has a separate transmission mechanism. In order to solve the requirements of large processing capacity of coal preparation plant in West Germany, multi-layer towers were built. These multi-storey structural shakers still follow the original seated installation mode, and can not be set on the floor in large numbers.
In 1957, the United States first developed a multi-eccentric inertial gear head, and then made a multi-layer hanging shaker, which is a major innovation in the structure of the shaker. In 1975, China also made this kind of shaking table, and has been used in production.
The centrifugal shaker is to make the bed surface into an arc, a number of bed surfaces into a cylinder, slit along the axis, and strengthen the selection process in the vibration and centrifugal force in the rotation movement. Good separation results have been obtained in industrial tests, but it has not been popularized because of its complex structure.
China in 1913 the introduction of Wei type shaker, there are a large number of shakers for the separation of tungsten, tin, niobium, tantalum and gold bearing ore, only Yuntin Company a place to apply the shaker 1784 (1986), the output of commercial tin concentrate accounted for about 86% of the total. Shaker is still widely used in coal preparation (iron sulfide removal) in foreign countries, but it is not widely used in coal preparation plants in China. Table 11.5.1 lists the types of shaker used in China.
Classification of beneficiation shaker
The type of shaking table is mainly distinguished by the combination of head, bed surface, supporting mechanism and slope adjusting device. The classification of industrial shakers in China is listed in Table 11.5.1. In addition, it can also be classified according to other structures and applications.
According to the configuration of the bed surface, there are left and right. Standing at the head of the bed to see the bed surface, if the mine trough on the left side is the left type shaker, on the right side is the right type shaker;
According to the installation mode, there are sitting and hanging types,
According to the number of waste surface layers, there are single-layer shaking table and multi-layer shaking table,
According to the different raw materials, there are two kinds of shaker for mineral processing and shaker for coal preparation.
According to the granularity of the treated ore, there are mineral sand (2 ~ 0.2 mm) shaker and mineral mud (1.2 mm) shaker. The sand shaker can be further divided into coarse sand (2-0.5 mm).
Shaker and fine sand (O.5. -0.2 mm) shaker.
The bed surface is the sorted work surface. The shape is trapezoid, diamond, etc., almost all of our country use trapezoid bed, the advantage is easy to configure. The triangular ore free zone of trapezoidal bed surface is cut off and connected to the tailings side of the lower part to form a diamond bed surface, which can effectively use the sorting surface and extend the sorting time. The comparison of the two bed shapes is shown in Figure 11.5.17.
All bed surfaces are arranged with bed strips, and the bed strips are parallel to the drive direction. However, the middle section is also arranged in a inclined shape, which becomes a waveform bed (see Figure 11.5.18). In the inclined strip area, light minerals are easily discharged, thus contributing to increased equipment handling capacity and increased metal recovery.
The bed surface is made of wood structure, glass steel (glass fiber reinforced polyester resin) and aluminum alloy. The wooden structure bed surface should be paved with rubber, and it should be nailed with wooden bed strips or bonded plastic rubber bed strips. The Yunxi Company bed was coated with lacquer ash (a mixture of raw paint and calcined plaster), and later polyurethane rubber was used as the coating. Wood bedding has a long manufacturing period and is easy to be deformed and damaged. FRP bedding has been promoted in recent years. The bed surface is a composite structure of steel skeleton and glass steel, and the working surface is coated with corundum resin wear-resistant layer. The bed can be molded directly on the bed surface, light weight (300-350 kg), low cost, short manufacturing period is its advantage, and it is expected that the service life can be more than 10 years. Aluminum alloy bed surface light weight, flat surface.
